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Publications (*directly funded through NSF grants)

* Decker, A., Morrison, B.B. and Bart, A. C. (2023). Using Subgoal Labeling in Teaching CS1 (now in Python!). In Proceedings of the 54th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 2 (SIGCSE 2023). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1187. doi: 10.1145/3545947.3569619 

* Morrison, B. B., Margulieux, L. E., & Decker, A. (2020). The curious case of loops. Computer Science Education. doi: 10.1080/08993408.2019.1707544
Margulieux, L.E., Morrison, B.B., Baker, F., & Ramilison, H. (2020). Effect of Implementing Subgoals in Code.org’s Intro to Programming Unit in Computer Science Principles, ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE), 20(4), 1-24.
* Margulieux, L. E., Morrison, B. B., & Decker, A. (2020). Reducing withdrawal and failure rates in introductory programming with subgoal labeled worked examples. International Journal of STEM Education, 7, 1-16.
* Decker, A., Margulieux, L. E., Morrison, B. B. (2019). Using the SOLO Taxonomy to understand subgoal labels effect on problem solving processes in CS1. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference on International Computing Education Research. New York, NY: ACM. doi: 10.1145/3291279.333940
* Margulieux, L. E., Morrison, B. B., & Decker, A. (2019). Design and pilot testing of subgoal labeled worked examples for five core concepts in CS1. In ITiCSE ’19: Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education Proceedings. New York, NY: ACM. doi: 10.1145/3304221.3319756

*  Morrison, B. B., Decker, A., & Margulieux, L. E., (2019). Using subgoal labeling in teaching CS1. In Proceedings of the 50th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 1237). New York, NY: ACM.

*  Morrison, B. B., & Decker, A. (2018). Using Subgoals to Improve Student Performance in CS1: (Abstract Only). Proceedings of the 49th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 1066–1066. doi: 10.1145/3159450.3162185

Morrison, B. B., Decker, A., & Margulieux, L. E. (2016). Learning loops: A replication study illuminates impact of HS courses. In Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual International Conference on International Computing Education Research (pp. 221-230). New York, NY: ACM. doi: 10.1145/2960310.2960330
Margulieux, L. E., Catrambone, R., & Guzdial, M. (2016). Employing subgoals in computer programming education. Computer Science Education, 26(1), 44-67. doi: 10.1080/08993408.2016.1144429​
Morrison, B. B., Margulieux, L. E., & Guzdial, M. (2015). Subgoals, context, and worked examples in learning computing problem solving. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual International Conference on International Computing Education Research (pp. 21-29). New York, NY: Association for Computing Machinery. doi: 10.1145/2787622.2787733​
Margulieux, L. E., Guzdial, M., & Catrambone, R. (2012). Subgoal-labeled instructional material improves performance and transfer in learning to develop mobile applications. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual International Conference on International Computing Education Research (pp. 71-78). New York, NY: ACM. doi: 10.1145/2361276.2361291

Related Publications

Atkinson, R. K., Catrambone, R., & Merrill, M. M. (2003). Aiding transfer in statistics: Examining the use of conceptually oriented equations and elaborations during subgoal learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(4), 762-773.

Atkinson, R. K., Derry, S. J., Renkl, A., & Wortham, D. (2000). Learning from examples: Instructional principles from the worked examples research. Review of the Educational Research, 70(2), 181-214. doi:10.2307/1170661

Catrambone, R. (1994). Improving examples to improve transfer to novel problems. Memory and Cognition, 22, 605‐615. doi:10.3758/BF03198399

Catrambone, R. (1995). Aiding subgoal learning: Effects on transfer. Journal of Educational Psychology, 87(1), 5-17. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.87.1.5

Catrambone, R. (1996). Generalizing solution procedures learned from examples. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 1020-1031. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.22.4.1020

Catrambone, R. (1998). The subgoal learning model: Creating better examples so that students can solve novel problems. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 127, 355-376. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.127.4.355

Catrambone, R., & Holyoak, K. J. (1990). Learning subgoals and methods for solving probability problems. Memory & Cognition, 18(6), 593-603.

Chen, D. W., & Catrambone, R. (2019, July). Productive Failure and Subgoal Scaffolding in Novel Domains. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 282-300). Springer, Cham.

Cunningham, K., Ericson, B. J., Agrawal Bejarano, R., & Guzdial, M. (2021, May). Avoiding the Turing tarpit: Learning conversational programming by starting from code’s purpose. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-15).

Guan X, Du X and Lin H (2022) Impact of Subgoal Labeling on Online Worked Example Learning in Mathematics for Primary School Students. Front. Educ. 7:832901. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2022.832901

Jin, H., Chang, M., & Kim, J. (2019, May). SolveDeep: A system for supporting subgoal learning in online math problem solving. In Extended abstracts of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1-6).

Joentausta, J., & Hellas, A. (2018, February). Subgoal labeled worked examples in K-3 education. In Proceedings of the 49th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (pp. 616-621).

Kim, J., Miller, R. C., & Gajos, K. Z. (2013). Learnersourcing subgoal labeling to support learning from how-to videos. In CHI’13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 685-690).

Kim, J., Choi, K., Shin, H., & Xia, M. (2022). AlgoSolve: Supporting Subgoal Learning in Algorithmic Problem-Solving with Learnersourced Microtasks. In Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Article 229, pages 1-16). doi: 10.1145/3491102.3501917

Kim, J. & Jin, H (2024). CodeTree: A System for Learnersourcing Subgoal Hierarchies in Code Examples. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Volume 8, Issue CSCW1 (Article 31, Pages 1-37). doi: 10.1145/3637308

Lee, C., Myung, J., Han, J., Jin, J., & Oh, A. (2023). Learning from Teaching Assistants to Program with Subgoals: Exploring the Potential for AI Teaching Assistants. arXiv preprint arXiv:2309.10419.

Margulieux, L. E. (2014). Subgoal labeled instructional text and worked examples in STEM education (Doctoral dissertation, Georgia Institute of Technology).

Margulieux, L. E., & Catrambone, R. (2019). Finding the best types of guidance for constructing self-explanations of subgoals in programming. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 28(1), 108-151.

Margulieux, L., & Catrambone, R. (2017, August). Using learners’ self-explanations of subgoals to guide initial problem solving in app inventor. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research (pp. 21-29).

Margulieux, L. E., & Catrambone, R. (2016). Improving problem solving with subgoal labels in expository text and worked examples. Learning and Instruction , 42, 58-71.

Margulieux, L. E., & Catrambone, R. (2014, March). Improving problem solving performance in computer-based learning environments through subgoal labels. In Proceedings of the first ACM conference on Learning@ scale conference (pp. 149-150).

Margulieux, L. E., & Catrambone, R. (2014). Improving programming instruction with subgoal labeled instructional text.

Margulieux, L. E., Catrambone, R., & Guzdial, M. (2013). Subgoal labeled worked examples improve K-12 teacher performance in computer programming training.

Margulieux, L. E., Catrambone, R., & Schaeffer, L. M. (2018). Varying effects of subgoal labeled expository text in programming, chemistry, and statistics. Instructional Science, 46(5), 707-722. doi: 10.1007/s11251-018-9451-7

Marwan, S., Shi, Y., Menezes, I., Chi, M., Barnes, T., & Price, T. W. (2021). Just a Few Expert Constraints Can Help: Humanizing Data-Driven Subgoal Detection for Novice Programming. International Educational Data Mining Society.

Morrison, B. B., Margulieux, L. E., Ericson, B., & Guzdial, M. (2016, February). Subgoals help students solve Parsons problems. In Proceedings of the 47th ACM Technical Symposium on Computing Science Education (pp. 42-47).

Olivier Goletti. Subgoal Learning Integration in a CS1 Course. Colloque Didapro 10 sur la Didactique de l’informatique et des STIC, 2024, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium. pp.131-135. ⟨hal.science/hal-04482135⟩

Schaeffer, L. M. (2015). Interaction of instructional material order and subgoal labels on learning in programming (Master’s thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology).

Shabrina, P., Mostafavi, B., Abdelshiheed, M. et al. Investigating the Impact of Backward Strategy Learning in a Logic Tutor: Aiding Subgoal Learning Towards Improved Problem Solving. Int J Artif Intell Educ (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-023-00338-1

Sundin, L., & Cutts, Q. (2021, June). Introducing data wrangling using graphical subgoals-findings from an e-learning study. In Proceedings of the Eighth ACM Conference on Learning@ Scale (pp. 267-270).

Sundin, L., Sakr, N., Leinonen, J., Aly, S., & Cutts, Q. (2021, November). Visual recipes for slicing and dicing data: teaching data wrangling using subgoal graphics. In Proceedings of the 21st Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research (pp. 1-10).

Weir, S., Kim, J., Gajos, K. Z., & Miller, R. C. (2015, February). Learnersourcing subgoal labels for how-to videos. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work & social computing (pp. 405-416).

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